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  • Automotive
    What You Should Look for in an Auto Body Shop

    What You Should Look for in an Auto Body Shop

    Reasons Gas Stations Charge for Compressed Air

    Reasons Gas Stations Charge for Compressed Air

    What To Consider Before Repainting Your Classic Car

    What To Consider Before Repainting Your Classic Car

    What Your Car’s Paint Color Says About You

    What Your Car’s Paint Color Says About You

    Top Ways To Upgrade Your Electric Vehicle

    Top Ways To Upgrade Your Electric Vehicle

    Tips for Crossing Water in Your Jeep Wrangler

    Tips for Crossing Water in Your Jeep Wrangler

    4 Helpful Tips for Giving Your Car a Glossy Finish

    4 Helpful Tips for Giving Your Car a Glossy Finish

    4 Common Mistakes To Avoid With Car Restorations

    4 Common Mistakes To Avoid With Car Restorations

    Signs That It Might Be Time To Get a New Car

    Signs That It Might Be Time To Get a New Car

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    • Mercedes-Benz
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  • Business
    Mistakes To Avoid When Starting Your Online Store

    Mistakes To Avoid When Starting Your Online Store

    Ways To Reduce Safety Hazards in the Office

    Ways To Reduce Safety Hazards in the Office

    How To Realistically Invest in Apartment Complexes

    How To Realistically Invest in Apartment Complexes

    Fighting housing shortage: Airbnb & Co should share more data with authorities to prevent fraud 

    Fighting housing shortage: Airbnb & Co should share more data with authorities to prevent fraud 

    How To Transition to Mass-Producing Your Product

    How To Transition to Mass-Producing Your Product

    How To Choose the Right Outdoor Lighting for Your Business

    How To Choose the Right Outdoor Lighting for Your Business

    Tips for Designing an Industrial-Style Restaurant

    Tips for Designing an Industrial-Style Restaurant

    Los Angeles implemented a new tax on luxurious real estate to finance affordable housing and combat homelessness

    Los Angeles implemented a new tax on luxurious real estate to finance affordable housing and combat homelessness

    Working shorter hours: 38 companies in the USA are testing the 4-day week

    Working shorter hours: 38 companies in the USA are testing the 4-day week

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    • Fashion
      Essential Tips for Planning a Great Fashion Show

      Essential Tips for Planning a Great Fashion Show

      Signs That Your Tuxedo Doesn’t Fit Right

      Signs That Your Tuxedo Doesn’t Fit Right

      Make a Bold Style Statement With These Wide-Leg Pants

      Make a Bold Style Statement With These Wide-Leg Pants

      Power Your Winter Workouts With The Best Zip Hoodies for Men

      Power Your Winter Workouts With The Best Zip Hoodies for Men

      The Ultimate Watch Buying Guide

      The Ultimate Watch Buying Guide

      Outdoor Enthusiasts, Take Note: These Watches Are as Tough as You

      Outdoor Enthusiasts, Take Note: These Watches Are as Tough as You

      Our 7 Favorite Field Jackets for Tackling Fall Weather

      Our 7 Favorite Field Jackets for Tackling Fall Weather

      The Best Leather Jackets for Guys – No Matter Your Budget

      The Best Leather Jackets for Guys – No Matter Your Budget

      Campus-Ready Backpacks for Storing *All* the Books

      Campus-Ready Backpacks for Storing *All* the Books

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      • Food & Drink
        Energizing Foods and Drinks To Consume Before a Workout

        Energizing Foods and Drinks To Consume Before a Workout

        Classic Beer Styles You Should Know How to Brew

        Classic Beer Styles You Should Know How to Brew

        The Best Flour Alternatives That Work in Any Recipe

        The Best Flour Alternatives That Work in Any Recipe

        Cheese Tortellini in Creamy Marinara

        Cheese Tortellini in Creamy Marinara

        Unusual Products That Come From Animals and Their Uses

        Unusual Products That Come From Animals and Their Uses

        Tips for Creating a Homemade Wine Cellar

        Tips for Creating a Homemade Wine Cellar

        How the wine you choose can help you have an eco-friendly home

        How the Wine You Choose Can Help You have an Eco-Friendly Home

        Rum and Cola Holiday Ham

        Special Centerpieces for Holiday Celebrations

        ChefsGiving 2020

        This Holiday Season, How about Cooking for a Cause?

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        • Health

          As Younger Children Increasingly Die by Suicide, Better Tracking and Prevention Is Sought

          Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis Injects Presidential Politics Into the Covid Vaccine Debate

          Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis Injects Presidential Politics Into the Covid Vaccine Debate

          Tips for Fitting a Doctor’s Visit Into Your Busy Schedule

          Tips for Fitting a Doctor’s Visit Into Your Busy Schedule

          The Shrinking Number of Primary Care Physicians Is Reaching a Tipping Point

          The Shrinking Number of Primary Care Physicians Is Reaching a Tipping Point

          Activist Misuses Federal Data to Make False Claim That Covid Vaccines Killed 676,000

          Activist Misuses Federal Data to Make False Claim That Covid Vaccines Killed 676,000

          Illustrated Report: How Gun Violence Goes Viral

          Illustrated Report: How Gun Violence Goes Viral

          A New Medicare Proposal Would Cover Training for Family Caregivers

          A New Medicare Proposal Would Cover Training for Family Caregivers

          New Alzheimer’s Drug Raises Hopes — Along With Questions

          New Alzheimer’s Drug Raises Hopes — Along With Questions

          Blood Test That Screens for Cancer Raises Hopes, and Worries

          Blood Test That Screens for Cancer Raises Hopes, and Worries

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          • Lifestyle
            Common Dog Owner Mistakes and How To Avoid Them

            Common Dog Owner Mistakes and How To Avoid Them

            3 Reasons To Give an Antique or Vintage Engagement Ring

            3 Reasons To Give an Antique or Vintage Engagement Ring

            Tim Ferris

            Tim Ferriss’ Lifestyle Design: Unleashing Human Potential and Redefining Success

            Outdoor Luxuries To Add to Your Backyard

            Outdoor Luxuries To Add to Your Backyard

            Strategy and business planning ideas. Chess gold on the board.

            Why the Friend of My Enemy is My Enemy

            Huge Money Mistakes New Parents Fall For

            Huge Money Mistakes New Parents Fall For

            Energizing Foods and Drinks To Consume Before a Workout

            Energizing Foods and Drinks To Consume Before a Workout

            Hobbies That Stimulate Cognitive Function

            Hobbies That Stimulate Cognitive Function

            How To Prevent Mold from Growing in a Sauna

            How To Prevent Mold from Growing in a Sauna

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            • Politics
              Primaries underway for America’s third-largest party with grassroots and self-funded candidates

              Primaries underway for America’s third-largest party with grassroots and self-funded candidates

              Carbon capture draws millions in lobbying, billions in federal subsidies

              Carbon capture draws millions in lobbying, billions in federal subsidies

              United leads soaring airline industry lobbying spending

              United leads soaring airline industry lobbying spending

              Deep-pocketed dairy industry continues war on plant-based milk as FDA hears comments on new draft guidance

              Deep-pocketed dairy industry continues war on plant-based milk as FDA hears comments on new draft guidance

              Shein’s lobbying spending soars amid supply chain probes

              Shein’s lobbying spending soars amid supply chain probes

              Virginia legislative candidates in Richmond and Hampton Roads raked in millions in final primary sprint

              Virginia legislative candidates in Richmond and Hampton Roads raked in millions in final primary sprint

              Manchin outraises GOP challengers but has yet to announce 2024 plans

              Manchin outraises GOP challengers but has yet to announce 2024 plans

              Gallego outraises Sinema but falls far short of incumbent’s war chest in Arizona Senate race

              Gallego outraises Sinema but falls far short of incumbent’s war chest in Arizona Senate race

              Elon Musk outmuscled by Mark Zuckerberg’s money in politics

              Elon Musk outmuscled by Mark Zuckerberg’s money in politics

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              • Real Estate
                Ways To Invest in Real Estate With No Experience

                Ways To Invest in Real Estate With No Experience

                How To Make Your Rental Property More Eco-Friendly

                How To Make Your Rental Property More Eco-Friendly

                Things To Consider Before Investing in Real Estate Overseas

                Things To Consider Before Investing in Real Estate Overseas

                Incredible Areas in Florida To Buy a Vacation Home

                Incredible Areas in Florida To Buy a Vacation Home

                Helpful Home Staging Tips for Virtual Tours

                Helpful Home Staging Tips for Virtual Tours

                Ways To Decorate and Design a Lake House

                Ways To Decorate and Design a Lake House

                Challenges To Managing a Rental Property

                Challenges To Managing a Rental Property

                The Best Landlord: How To Show Tenants You Care

                The Best Landlord: How To Show Tenants You Care

                The Best Locations To Invest in a Second Home

                The Best Locations To Invest in a Second Home

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                • Automotive
                  What You Should Look for in an Auto Body Shop

                  What You Should Look for in an Auto Body Shop

                  Reasons Gas Stations Charge for Compressed Air

                  Reasons Gas Stations Charge for Compressed Air

                  What To Consider Before Repainting Your Classic Car

                  What To Consider Before Repainting Your Classic Car

                  What Your Car’s Paint Color Says About You

                  What Your Car’s Paint Color Says About You

                  Top Ways To Upgrade Your Electric Vehicle

                  Top Ways To Upgrade Your Electric Vehicle

                  Tips for Crossing Water in Your Jeep Wrangler

                  Tips for Crossing Water in Your Jeep Wrangler

                  4 Helpful Tips for Giving Your Car a Glossy Finish

                  4 Helpful Tips for Giving Your Car a Glossy Finish

                  4 Common Mistakes To Avoid With Car Restorations

                  4 Common Mistakes To Avoid With Car Restorations

                  Signs That It Might Be Time To Get a New Car

                  Signs That It Might Be Time To Get a New Car

                  Trending Tags

                  • Mercedes-Benz
                  • Mustang
                • Business
                  Mistakes To Avoid When Starting Your Online Store

                  Mistakes To Avoid When Starting Your Online Store

                  Ways To Reduce Safety Hazards in the Office

                  Ways To Reduce Safety Hazards in the Office

                  How To Realistically Invest in Apartment Complexes

                  How To Realistically Invest in Apartment Complexes

                  Fighting housing shortage: Airbnb & Co should share more data with authorities to prevent fraud 

                  Fighting housing shortage: Airbnb & Co should share more data with authorities to prevent fraud 

                  How To Transition to Mass-Producing Your Product

                  How To Transition to Mass-Producing Your Product

                  How To Choose the Right Outdoor Lighting for Your Business

                  How To Choose the Right Outdoor Lighting for Your Business

                  Tips for Designing an Industrial-Style Restaurant

                  Tips for Designing an Industrial-Style Restaurant

                  Los Angeles implemented a new tax on luxurious real estate to finance affordable housing and combat homelessness

                  Los Angeles implemented a new tax on luxurious real estate to finance affordable housing and combat homelessness

                  Working shorter hours: 38 companies in the USA are testing the 4-day week

                  Working shorter hours: 38 companies in the USA are testing the 4-day week

                  Trending Tags

                  • Fashion
                    Essential Tips for Planning a Great Fashion Show

                    Essential Tips for Planning a Great Fashion Show

                    Signs That Your Tuxedo Doesn’t Fit Right

                    Signs That Your Tuxedo Doesn’t Fit Right

                    Make a Bold Style Statement With These Wide-Leg Pants

                    Make a Bold Style Statement With These Wide-Leg Pants

                    Power Your Winter Workouts With The Best Zip Hoodies for Men

                    Power Your Winter Workouts With The Best Zip Hoodies for Men

                    The Ultimate Watch Buying Guide

                    The Ultimate Watch Buying Guide

                    Outdoor Enthusiasts, Take Note: These Watches Are as Tough as You

                    Outdoor Enthusiasts, Take Note: These Watches Are as Tough as You

                    Our 7 Favorite Field Jackets for Tackling Fall Weather

                    Our 7 Favorite Field Jackets for Tackling Fall Weather

                    The Best Leather Jackets for Guys – No Matter Your Budget

                    The Best Leather Jackets for Guys – No Matter Your Budget

                    Campus-Ready Backpacks for Storing *All* the Books

                    Campus-Ready Backpacks for Storing *All* the Books

                    Trending Tags

                    • Food & Drink
                      Energizing Foods and Drinks To Consume Before a Workout

                      Energizing Foods and Drinks To Consume Before a Workout

                      Classic Beer Styles You Should Know How to Brew

                      Classic Beer Styles You Should Know How to Brew

                      The Best Flour Alternatives That Work in Any Recipe

                      The Best Flour Alternatives That Work in Any Recipe

                      Cheese Tortellini in Creamy Marinara

                      Cheese Tortellini in Creamy Marinara

                      Unusual Products That Come From Animals and Their Uses

                      Unusual Products That Come From Animals and Their Uses

                      Tips for Creating a Homemade Wine Cellar

                      Tips for Creating a Homemade Wine Cellar

                      How the wine you choose can help you have an eco-friendly home

                      How the Wine You Choose Can Help You have an Eco-Friendly Home

                      Rum and Cola Holiday Ham

                      Special Centerpieces for Holiday Celebrations

                      ChefsGiving 2020

                      This Holiday Season, How about Cooking for a Cause?

                      Trending Tags

                      • Health

                        As Younger Children Increasingly Die by Suicide, Better Tracking and Prevention Is Sought

                        Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis Injects Presidential Politics Into the Covid Vaccine Debate

                        Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis Injects Presidential Politics Into the Covid Vaccine Debate

                        Tips for Fitting a Doctor’s Visit Into Your Busy Schedule

                        Tips for Fitting a Doctor’s Visit Into Your Busy Schedule

                        The Shrinking Number of Primary Care Physicians Is Reaching a Tipping Point

                        The Shrinking Number of Primary Care Physicians Is Reaching a Tipping Point

                        Activist Misuses Federal Data to Make False Claim That Covid Vaccines Killed 676,000

                        Activist Misuses Federal Data to Make False Claim That Covid Vaccines Killed 676,000

                        Illustrated Report: How Gun Violence Goes Viral

                        Illustrated Report: How Gun Violence Goes Viral

                        A New Medicare Proposal Would Cover Training for Family Caregivers

                        A New Medicare Proposal Would Cover Training for Family Caregivers

                        New Alzheimer’s Drug Raises Hopes — Along With Questions

                        New Alzheimer’s Drug Raises Hopes — Along With Questions

                        Blood Test That Screens for Cancer Raises Hopes, and Worries

                        Blood Test That Screens for Cancer Raises Hopes, and Worries

                        Trending Tags

                        • Lifestyle
                          Common Dog Owner Mistakes and How To Avoid Them

                          Common Dog Owner Mistakes and How To Avoid Them

                          3 Reasons To Give an Antique or Vintage Engagement Ring

                          3 Reasons To Give an Antique or Vintage Engagement Ring

                          Tim Ferris

                          Tim Ferriss’ Lifestyle Design: Unleashing Human Potential and Redefining Success

                          Outdoor Luxuries To Add to Your Backyard

                          Outdoor Luxuries To Add to Your Backyard

                          Strategy and business planning ideas. Chess gold on the board.

                          Why the Friend of My Enemy is My Enemy

                          Huge Money Mistakes New Parents Fall For

                          Huge Money Mistakes New Parents Fall For

                          Energizing Foods and Drinks To Consume Before a Workout

                          Energizing Foods and Drinks To Consume Before a Workout

                          Hobbies That Stimulate Cognitive Function

                          Hobbies That Stimulate Cognitive Function

                          How To Prevent Mold from Growing in a Sauna

                          How To Prevent Mold from Growing in a Sauna

                          Trending Tags

                          • Politics
                            Primaries underway for America’s third-largest party with grassroots and self-funded candidates

                            Primaries underway for America’s third-largest party with grassroots and self-funded candidates

                            Carbon capture draws millions in lobbying, billions in federal subsidies

                            Carbon capture draws millions in lobbying, billions in federal subsidies

                            United leads soaring airline industry lobbying spending

                            United leads soaring airline industry lobbying spending

                            Deep-pocketed dairy industry continues war on plant-based milk as FDA hears comments on new draft guidance

                            Deep-pocketed dairy industry continues war on plant-based milk as FDA hears comments on new draft guidance

                            Shein’s lobbying spending soars amid supply chain probes

                            Shein’s lobbying spending soars amid supply chain probes

                            Virginia legislative candidates in Richmond and Hampton Roads raked in millions in final primary sprint

                            Virginia legislative candidates in Richmond and Hampton Roads raked in millions in final primary sprint

                            Manchin outraises GOP challengers but has yet to announce 2024 plans

                            Manchin outraises GOP challengers but has yet to announce 2024 plans

                            Gallego outraises Sinema but falls far short of incumbent’s war chest in Arizona Senate race

                            Gallego outraises Sinema but falls far short of incumbent’s war chest in Arizona Senate race

                            Elon Musk outmuscled by Mark Zuckerberg’s money in politics

                            Elon Musk outmuscled by Mark Zuckerberg’s money in politics

                            Trending Tags

                            • Real Estate
                              Ways To Invest in Real Estate With No Experience

                              Ways To Invest in Real Estate With No Experience

                              How To Make Your Rental Property More Eco-Friendly

                              How To Make Your Rental Property More Eco-Friendly

                              Things To Consider Before Investing in Real Estate Overseas

                              Things To Consider Before Investing in Real Estate Overseas

                              Incredible Areas in Florida To Buy a Vacation Home

                              Incredible Areas in Florida To Buy a Vacation Home

                              Helpful Home Staging Tips for Virtual Tours

                              Helpful Home Staging Tips for Virtual Tours

                              Ways To Decorate and Design a Lake House

                              Ways To Decorate and Design a Lake House

                              Challenges To Managing a Rental Property

                              Challenges To Managing a Rental Property

                              The Best Landlord: How To Show Tenants You Care

                              The Best Landlord: How To Show Tenants You Care

                              The Best Locations To Invest in a Second Home

                              The Best Locations To Invest in a Second Home

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                              Electric planes are coming: Short-hop regional flights could be running on batteries in a few years

                              by Ron Jones
                              November 3, 2022
                              in Technology, Travel
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                              Small planes are easier to electrify, but larger ones aren’t far behind. Chalabala/istock via Getty Images

                              Gökçin Çınar, University of Michigan

                              Electric planes might seem futuristic, but they aren’t that far off, at least for short hops.

                              Two-seater Velis Electros are already quietly buzzing around Europe, electric seaplanes are being tested in British Columbia, and larger planes are coming. Air Canada announced on Sept. 15, 2022, that it would buy 30 electric-hybrid regional aircraft from Sweden’s Heart Aerospace, which expects to have its 30-seat plane in service by 2028. Analysts at the U.S. National Renewable Energy Lab note that the first hybrid electric 50- to 70-seat commuter plane could be ready not long after that. In the 2030s, they say, electric aviation could really take off.

                              That matters for managing climate change. About 3% of global emissions come from aviation today, and with more passengers and flights expected as the population expands, aviation could be producing three to five times more carbon dioxide emissions by 2050 than it did before the COVID-19 pandemic.

                              Aerospace engineer and assistant professor Gökçin Çınar develops sustainable aviation concepts, including hybrid-electric planes and hydrogen fuel alternatives, at the University of Michigan. We asked her about the key ways to cut aviation emissions today and where technologies like electrification and hydrogen are headed.

                              Why is aviation so difficult to electrify?

                              Aircraft are some of the most complex vehicles out there, but the biggest problem for electrifying them is the battery weight.

                              If you tried to fully electrify a 737 with today’s batteries, you would have to take out all the passengers and cargo and fill that space with batteries just to fly for under an hour.

                              Jet fuel can hold about 50 times more energy compared to batteries per unit mass. So, you can have 1 pound of jet fuel or 50 pounds of batteries. To close that gap, we need to either make lithium-ion batteries lighter or develop new batteries that hold more energy. New batteries are being developed, but they aren’t yet ready for aircraft.

                              Illustration of an Air Canada Heart Aerospace electric plane.
                              Air Canada and United Airlines have ordered 30-seat regional hybrid-electric planes from Heart Aerospace that can go about 125 miles (200 km) fully electric and 250 miles (400 km) as hybrids. With a 25-passenger configuration, the company says the hybrid distance doubles. Heart Aerospace

                              An electric alternative is hybrids.

                              Even though we might not be able to fully electrify a 737, we can get some fuel burn benefits from batteries in the larger jets by using hybrid propulsion systems. We are trying to make that happen in the short term, with a 2030-2035 target for smaller regional planes. The less fuel burned during flight, the fewer greenhouse gas emissions.

                              How does hybrid aviation work to cut emissions?

                              Hybrid electric aircraft are similar to hybrid electric cars in that they use a combination of batteries and aviation fuels. The problem is that no other industry has the weight limitations that we do in the aerospace industry.

                              That’s why we have to be very smart about how and how much we are hybridizing the propulsion system.

                              Using batteries as a power assist during takeoff and climb are very promising options. Taxiing to the runway using just electric power could also save a significant amount of fuel and reduce the local emissions at airports. There is a sweet spot between the added weight of the battery and how much electricity you can use to get net fuel benefits. This optimization problem is at the center of my research.

                              Hybrids would still burn fuel during flight, but it could be considerably less than just relying entirely on jet fuel. https://www.youtube.com/embed/71blB6hNV0g?wmode=transparent&start=0 How hybrid electric aviation could work on large aircraft.

                              I see hybridization as a mid-term option for larger jets, but a near-term solution for regional aircraft.

                              For 2030 to 2035, we’re focused on hybrid turboprops, typically regional aircraft with 50-80 passengers or used for freight. These hybrids could cut fuel use by about 10%.

                              With electric hybrids, airlines could also make more use of regional airports, reducing congestion and time larger planes spend idling on the runway.

                              What do you expect to see in the near term from sustainable aviation?

                              Shorter term we’ll see more use of sustainable aviation fuels, or SAF. With today’s engines, you can dump sustainable aviation fuel into the same fuel tank and burn it. Fuels made from corn, oilseeds, algae and other fats are already being used.

                              Sustainable aviation fuels can reduce an aircraft’s net carbon dioxide emissions by around 80%, but supply is limited, and using more biomass for fuel could compete with food production and lead to deforestation.

                              A second option is using synthetic sustainable aviation fuels, which involves capturing carbon from the air or other industrial processes and synthesizing it with hydrogen. But that’s a complex and costly process and does not have a high production scale yet.

                              A pilot walks away from a small plane at an airport
                              Ampaire reported that its hybrid electric EEL had fuel savings up to 40% compared with a standard version of the similar Cessna Skymaster. Ampaire

                              Airlines can also optimize their operations in the short term, such as route planning to avoid flying nearly empty planes. That can also reduce emissions.

                              Is hydrogen an option for aviation?

                              Hydrogen fuel has been around a very long time, and when it’s green hydrogen – produced with water and electrolysis powered by renewable energy – it doesn’t produce carbon dioxide. It can also hold more energy per unit of mass than batteries.

                              There are two ways to use hydrogen in an airplane: either in place of regular jet fuel in an engine, or combined with oxygen to power hydrogen fuel cells, which then generate electricity to power the aircraft.

                              The problem is volume – hydrogen gas takes up a lot of space. That’s why engineers are looking at methods like keeping it very cool so it can be stored as liquid until it’s burned as a gas. It still takes up more space than jet fuel, and the storage tanks are heavy, so how to store, handle or distribute it on aircraft is still being worked out.

                              Airbus is doing a lot of research on hydrogen combustion using modified gas turbine engines with an A380 platform, and aiming to have mature technology by 2025. Australia’s Rex airline expects to start testing a 34-seat, hydrogen-electric airplane for short hops in the next few years.

                              Due to the variety of options, I see hydrogen as one of the key technologies for sustainable aviation.

                              Will these technologies be able to meet the aviation industry’s goals for reducing emissions?

                              The problem with aviation emissions isn’t their current levels – it’s the fear that their emissions will increase rapidly as demand increases. By 2050, we could see three to five times more carbon dioxide emissions from aviation than before the pandemic.

                              The International Civil Aviation Organization, a United Nations agency, generally defines the industry’s goals, looking at what’s feasible and how aviation can push the boundaries.

                              Its long-term goal is to cut net carbon dioxide emissions 50% by 2050 compared with 2005 levels. Getting there will require a mix of different technologies and optimization. I don’t know if we’re going to be able to reach it by 2050, but I believe we must do everything we can to make future aviation environmentally sustainable.

                              Gökçin Çınar, Assistant Professor of Aerospace Engineering, University of Michigan

                              This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

                              Tags: A380Air CanadaElectric AirplanesGökçin ÇınarGreen HydrogenHeart AerospaceInternational Civil Aviation OrganizationRegional FlightsUniversity of Michigan
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